[Note: this transcription was produced by an automatic OCR engine]

KINSHIP ORGANIZATION IN NORTH AND EAST I29
brothers, though not infrequently a suflix is added to indicate
the female sex. Thus :—
Tuangk, eB. (m.s.) ; tuangk milamp, eSis. (w.s.) (Seniang)
Tuang, eB. (m.s.); mung avin, eSis. (w.s.) (Bangasa
Tisuk, yB. (m.s.) ; tisuk vavm, ySis. (w.s.) (Malua) g
The only exception is in Lagalag and Laravat, where the
terms for younger sister (w.s.) and younger brother (m.s.) are
quite distinct. In Lagalag, too, the elder brother (m.s.) and in
Laravat the elder brother (man and woman speaking) is called
mizme or mamwe (though in the latter district tughangk and
mammgk can also be used by a man and woman respectively).
M ame or mama/e in these two districts indicates the elder brother
alone, but it is signiï¬Åcant that, in the inland districts it (or some
variant thereof) is the regular word for father. Between siblings
of the opposite sex some form of the words vivmmig and mam/mg
(" my sister,â€ù man speaking, and “ my brother ", woman
speaking) are used everywhere except in Mewun, Malua, and
Uripiv. In Mewun and Malua a reciprocal term is employed,
the Sister being distinguished by a feminine suflix.
Mewun: nalangk, my brother (W.s.) ; nalangk Zebe, my sister (m.s.).
Malua: sdghiisok, my brother (w.s.) ; soghï¬Åsï¬Åk dï¬Åvat, my sister
(m.s.).
In Uripiv there is a special term for " sister â€ù, man speaking,
but a woman calls her elder and younger brothers in the same
way that a man does. Usually no distinction is made according
to the relative ages of a man and a woman who are siblings;
only in Laravat and Bangasa is this done. In the former place,
as in Uripiv, the same word is employed by a man and a woman
alike for the elder brother, while i_n Bangasa the unusual word
livinin is recorded for younger sister, man speaking.
Further, it seems to be characteristic of all Malekulan kinship
systems, other than those of the Big Nambas, to class together
the sister’s husband (m.s.) and the daughter-‘s husband (m.s.),
and for the same term to be used for the brother's wife (w.s.),
the younger brothei-’s wife (m.s.), and the son's wife (m, and
w.s.). The classiï¬Åcation of other relatives by marriage and the
terms used for them show a good deal of variation. Those
Signifying husbands sister and wife's brother in Seniang,
Lambumbu, Nesan, Uerik, Bangasa, and Niviar are of particular